The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) has issued an interim final rule revising the definition of “unlawful user of or addicted to controlled substance,” which took effect January 22, 2026. This regulatory change represents a significant shift in federal firearms prohibitions related to drug use, with the agency accepting public comments through June 30, 2026.
The rule aligns ATF’s definition with current statutory understanding based on recent judicial decisions. This change comes in response to ongoing litigation challenging broad interpretations of drug-related firearms prohibitions and represents part of ATF’s broader reform efforts under new leadership.
The interim rule affects how federal firearms licensees (FFLs) handle background checks and eligibility determinations for customers who may have past or present drug-related issues. While the rule is now in effect, the extended comment period suggests ATF anticipates significant industry and public input that could influence final implementation.
Why This Matters
This rule change directly impacts how FFLs assess customer eligibility during firearms transfers. Dealers should review their current procedures for handling Form 4473 questions related to controlled substance use and stay informed about potential clarifications during the comment period. The change could affect background check processes and customer interactions, making it essential for Colorado dealers to understand the new standards while maintaining compliance with both federal and state regulations.
Original Source: Read the full article at ATF →